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JSON Schema 範例
在本頁中，您將找到說明不同使用案例的範例，以幫助您充分利用 JSON Schema。這些範例涵蓋各種情境，每個範例都附帶 JSON 資料和說明，展示 JSON Schema 如何應用於各種領域。您可以修改這些範例以符合您的特定需求，因為這只是您使用 JSON Schema 的眾多方式之一。
地址
一個表示地址的 schema，其中包含不同地址組件的可選屬性，它強制規定 locality、region 和 countryName 是必填項，並且如果提供了 postOfficeBox 或 extendedAddress，則也必須提供 streetAddress。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/address.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "An address similar to http://microformats.org/wiki/h-card", "type": "object", "properties": { "postOfficeBox": { "type": "string" }, "extendedAddress": { "type": "string" }, "streetAddress": { "type": "string" }, "locality": { "type": "string" }, "region": { "type": "string" }, "postalCode": { "type": "string" }, "countryName": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "locality", "region", "countryName" ], "dependentRequired": { "postOfficeBox": [ "streetAddress" ], "extendedAddress": [ "streetAddress" ] }}
資料
資料
{ "postOfficeBox": "123", "streetAddress": "456 Main St", "locality": "Cityville", "region": "State", "postalCode": "12345", "countryName": "Country"}
部落格文章
一個代表部落格文章的結構描述（schema），包含像是 title、content、publishedDate、author 和 tags 等屬性。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/blog-post.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "A representation of a blog post", "type": "object", "required": ["title", "content", "author"], "properties": { "title": { "type": "string" }, "content": { "type": "string" }, "publishedDate": { "type": "string", "format": "date-time" }, "author": { "$ref": "https://example.com/user-profile.schema.json" }, "tags": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } } }}
資料
資料
{ "title": "新部落格文章", "content": "這是部落格文章的內容...", "publishedDate": "2023-08-25T15:00:00Z", "author": { "username": "authoruser", "email": "[email protected]" }, "tags": ["技術", "程式設計"]}
日曆
一個代表日曆中事件的綱要，包括 startDate、endDate、summary、location 和 recurrenceDate 詳細資訊等屬性。 geo 屬性是一個參考 ($ref)，指向在不同位置定義的另一個綱要，該綱要表示具有緯度和經度值的地理位置。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/calendar.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "A representation of an event", "type": "object", "required": [ "dtstart", "summary" ], "properties": { "startDate": { "type": "string", "description": "Event starting time" }, "endDate": { "type": "string", "description": "Event ending time" }, "summary": { "type": "string" }, "location": { "type": "string" }, "url": { "type": "string" }, "duration": { "type": "string", "description": "Event duration" }, "recurrenceDate": { "type": "string", "description": "Recurrence date" }, "recurrenceDule": { "type": "string", "description": "Recurrence rule" }, "category": { "type": "string" }, "description": { "type": "string" }, "geo": { "$ref": "https://example.com/geographical-location.schema.json" } }}
資料
資料
{ "startDate": "2023-08-25T10:00:00Z", "endDate": "2023-08-25T12:00:00Z", "summary": "會議簡報", "location": "會議中心", "recurrenceDule": "FREQ=DAILY;COUNT=5"}
裝置類型
此綱要代表電子裝置，其中 deviceType 屬性決定裝置的類別，例如 smartphone（智慧型手機）或 laptop（筆記型電腦）。它使用 oneOf 關鍵字，根據 deviceType 屬性動態參照綱要。這種彈性的綱要結構允許資料根據指定的 deviceType 符合適當的裝置綱要，使其易於描述具有獨特特徵的不同電子裝置。當 deviceType 設定為 smartphone 時，綱要會強制執行智慧型手機的特定屬性；當 deviceType 設定為 laptop 時，則會強制執行筆記型電腦的特定屬性。
資料
{ "$id": "https://example.com/device.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "type": "object", "properties": { "deviceType": { "type": "string" } }, "required": ["deviceType"], "oneOf": [ { "properties": { "deviceType": { "const": "smartphone" } }, "$ref": "https://example.com/smartphone.schema.json" }, { "properties": { "deviceType": { "const": "laptop" } }, "$ref": "https://example.com/laptop.schema.json" } ]}
{ "$id": "https://example.com/smartphone.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "type": "object", "properties": { "brand": { "type": "string" }, "model": { "type": "string" }, "screenSize": { "type": "number" } }, "required": ["brand", "model", "screenSize"]}
{ "$id": "https://example.com/laptop.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "type": "object", "properties": { "brand": { "type": "string" }, "model": { "type": "string" }, "processor": { "type": "string" }, "ramSize": { "type": "number" } }, "required": ["brand", "model", "processor", "ramSize"]}
{ "$id": "https://example.com/smartphone.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "type": "object", "properties": { "brand": { "type": "string" }, "model": { "type": "string" }, "screenSize": { "type": "number" } }, "required": ["brand", "model", "screenSize"]}
{ "$id": "https://example.com/laptop.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "type": "object", "properties": { "brand": { "type": "string" }, "model": { "type": "string" }, "processor": { "type": "string" }, "ramSize": { "type": "number" } }, "required": ["brand", "model", "processor", "ramSize"]}
資料
資料
{ "deviceType": "smartphone", "brand": "Samsung", "model": "Galaxy S21", "screenSize": 6.2}
電子商務系統
代表電子商務系統的綱要，其中在 product（產品）和 order（訂單）綱要的定義中使用 $anchor 來定義錨點：分別是 ProductSchema 和 OrderSchema。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/ecommerce.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "$defs": { "product": { "$anchor": "ProductSchema", "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" }, "price": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 } } }, "order": { "$anchor": "OrderSchema", "type": "object", "properties": { "orderId": { "type": "string" }, "items": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#ProductSchema" } } } } }}
資料
資料
{ "order": { "orderId": "ORD123", "items": [ { "name": "Product A", "price": 50 }, { "name": "Product B", "price": 30 } ] }}
地理位置
一個表示地理座標的結構，包含指定範圍內的 latitude（緯度）和 longitude（經度）值。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/geographical-location.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "title": "Longitude and Latitude Values", "description": "A geographical coordinate.", "required": [ "latitude", "longitude" ], "type": "object", "properties": { "latitude": { "type": "number", "minimum": -90, "maximum": 90 }, "longitude": { "type": "number", "minimum": -180, "maximum": 180 } }}
資料
資料
{ "latitude": 48.858093, "longitude": 2.294694}
健康記錄
一個表示健康記錄的結構，包含 patientName（病人姓名）、dateOfBirth（出生日期）、bloodType（血型）、allergies（過敏）、conditions（狀況）、medications（藥物）和 emergencyContact（緊急聯絡人）。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/health-record.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "Schema for representing a health record", "type": "object", "required": ["patientName", "dateOfBirth", "bloodType"], "properties": { "patientName": { "type": "string" }, "dateOfBirth": { "type": "string", "format": "date" }, "bloodType": { "type": "string" }, "allergies": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } }, "conditions": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } }, "medications": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } }, "emergencyContact": { "$ref": "https://example.com/user-profile.schema.json" } }}
資料
資料
{ "patientName": "Jane Doe", "dateOfBirth": "1985-02-15", "bloodType": "A+", "allergies": ["Pollen", "Penicillin"], "conditions": ["Hypertension", "Diabetes"], "medications": ["Lisinopril", "Metformin"], "emergencyContact": { "username": "emergencyuser", "email": "[email protected]" }}
職位發布
這是一個代表職位發布的結構描述，包含像是 title（職稱）、company（公司）、location（地點）、description（描述）、employmentType（雇用類型）、salary（薪資）和 applicationDeadline（申請截止日期）等屬性。它也使用 $anchor 關鍵字來定義錨點。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/job-posting.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "A representation of a job posting", "type": "object", "required": ["title", "company", "location", "description"], "properties": { "title": { "type": "string" }, "company": { "type": "string" }, "location": { "type": "string" }, "description": { "type": "string" }, "employmentType": { "type": "string" }, "salary": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 }, "applicationDeadline": { "type": "string", "format": "date" } }}
資料
資料
{ "title": "軟體工程師", "company": "科技解決方案公司", "location": "城市鎮", "description": "加入我們的團隊成為軟體工程師...", "employmentType": "全職", "salary": 80000, "applicationDeadline": "2023-09-15"}
電影
一個表示電影的綱要，包含屬性如 title、director、release date、genre、duration，和 cast members。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/movie.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "A representation of a movie", "type": "object", "required": ["title", "director", "releaseDate"], "properties": { "title": { "type": "string" }, "director": { "type": "string" }, "releaseDate": { "type": "string", "format": "date" }, "genre": { "type": "string", "enum": ["Action", "Comedy", "Drama", "Science Fiction"] }, "duration": { "type": "string" }, "cast": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" }, "additionalItems": false } }}
資料
資料
{ "title": "範例電影", "director": "約翰導演", "releaseDate": "2023-07-01", "genre": "動作", "duration": "2小時 15分鐘", "cast": ["演員 A", "演員 B", "演員 C"]}
使用者個人資料
一個代表使用者個人資料的 schema，包含像是 username、email、fullName、age、location 和 interests 等屬性。
schema{ "$id": "https://example.com/user-profile.schema.json", "$schema": "https://json-schema.dev.org.tw/draft/2020-12/schema", "description": "A representation of a user profile", "type": "object", "required": ["username", "email"], "properties": { "username": { "type": "string" }, "email": { "type": "string", "format": "email" }, "fullName": { "type": "string" }, "age": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 0 }, "location": { "type": "string" }, "interests": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } } }}
資料
資料
{ "username": "user123", "email": "[email protected]", "fullName": "約翰·多伊", "age": 30, "location": "城市鎮", "interests": ["旅遊", "科技"]}